Abstract

Goldenhar syndrome (oculo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia, OAVS) is a rare congenital disorder resulting from abnormal development of the first and second branchial arches. The incidence is between 1:3500 and 1:5600, with a male-to-female ratio of 3:2. The etiopathogenesis is multifactorial and dependent on genetic and environmental factors. The syndrome complex includes limbal dermoid, pre-auricular tags, hemifacial asymmetry, and vertebral anomalies. Treatment varies based on age and systemic associations, ranging from cosmetic surgery in uncomplicated cases to complex reconstructive surgeries in severe cases. Treatment should be individualized, adapted to age and disease severity.