Abstract

Purpose: To report a rare case of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma.

Methods: We report a case of a 3-year-old male child with a one-month history of progressive protrusion of the right eye with limited extraocular movement. Both eyes visual acuity – 6/6. Both eyes anterior segments – normal, and the right eye fundus revealed hyperemic discs,tortuous vessels, and choroidal folds. MRI orbit disclosed a 2.1*4.1*2.8 cm intraorbital mass. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry analyses point to embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma. PET CT revealed no metabolically active disease elsewhere.

Result: This case was staged as T1N0M0 orbital rhabdomyosarcoma, and the child underwent chemoradiotherapy and showed good response. On follow-up there is no evidence of metastasis or relapse, indicating successful management.

Conclusion: Embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas are highly chemosensitive, and they show a good response to chemotherapy. Hence, early diagnosis and timely management are pivotal.